Ilimin asali na adaftar wutar lantarki

Adaftar wutar da aka sani da babban inganci da samar da wutar lantarki.Yana wakiltar jagorancin ci gaba na samar da wutar lantarki da aka tsara.A halin yanzu, adaftar wutar lantarki mai haɗaɗɗiyar da'ira an yi amfani da shi sosai saboda mahimman fa'idodinsa na babban haɗin kai, babban aiki mai tsada, mafi sauƙin kewayawa da mafi kyawun fihirisar ayyuka.Ya zama samfurin da aka fi so na adaftar wutar lantarki mai matsakaici da ƙarancin ƙarfi a cikin ƙira.

Motsin faɗin bugun jini

Yanayin sarrafawa da aka saba amfani da shi a adaftar wutar lantarki.Modulation na nisa na bugun jini shine yanayin sarrafawa na analog, wanda ke daidaita nuna son rai na tushen transistor ko ƙofar MOS bisa ga canjin nauyin da ya dace don canza lokacin tafiyar da transistor ko MOS, ta yadda za a canza fitarwa na sauyawar samar da wutar lantarki.Siffar sa ita ce kiyaye mitar sauyawa akai-akai, wato, zagayowar sauyawa ya kasance baya canzawa, kuma canza yanayin bugun bugun jini don rage canjin ƙarfin fitarwa na adaftar wutar lantarki lokacin da grid volt da lodi suka canza.

Ƙimar daidaita nauyi ta giciye

Matsakaicin ƙayyadaddun kaya na giciye yana nufin canjin adadin ƙarfin fitarwa wanda ya haifar da canjin kaya a adaftar wutar lantarki mai yawan tashoshi.Canjin wutar lantarki zai haifar da canjin wutar lantarki.Lokacin da kaya ya karu, fitarwa yana raguwa.Akasin haka, lokacin da nauyin ya ragu, fitarwa yana ƙaruwa.Canjin fitarwa da aka samu ta hanyar canjin nauyin wutar lantarki mai kyau yana da ƙarami, kuma maƙasudin gabaɗaya shine 3% - 5%.Fihirisar mahimmanci ce don auna ƙarfin ƙarfin ƙarfin ƙarfin adaftar fitarwa ta tashoshi da yawa.

Aiki a layi daya

Domin inganta fitarwa na halin yanzu da ƙarfin fitarwa, ana iya amfani da adaftar wuta da yawa a layi daya.A yayin aiki a layi daya, ƙarfin wutar lantarki na kowane adaftar wutar lantarki dole ne ya zama iri ɗaya (an yarda da ikon fitar da su ya zama daban), kuma ana ɗaukar hanyar rabawa na yanzu (wanda ake magana da shi azaman hanyar rabawa na yanzu) don tabbatar da cewa fitarwar halin yanzu na kowane ɗayan. Ana rarraba adaftar wuta bisa ga ƙayyadadden ƙayyadaddun ƙididdiga.

Tace tsangwama na lantarki

Fitar katsalandan na Electromagnetic, wanda kuma aka sani da “EMI filter”, kayan aikin kewayawa ne na lantarki da ake amfani da su don murkushe tsangwama na lantarki, musamman hayaniya a layin wutar lantarki ko layin sigina.Na'urar tacewa ce wacce za ta iya danne hayaniyar wutar lantarki yadda ya kamata tare da inganta ikon hana tsangwama na kayan lantarki da amincin tsarin.Tacewar katsalandan na lantarki na cikin matatar RF na bidirectional.A gefe guda, yakamata ta tace tsangwama na lantarki na waje da aka gabatar daga grid na AC;

A gefe guda kuma, tana iya guje wa tsoma bakin hayaniyar kayan aikinta na waje, ta yadda ba za ta yi tasiri ga al'adar sauran na'urorin lantarki a cikin yanayi guda na lantarki ba.Tacewar ta EMI na iya murkushe tsangwama na yanayin jeri da kuma tsangwamar yanayin gama gari.Za a haɗa matatun EMI zuwa ƙarshen adaftar wutar AC mai shigowa.

radiyo

Na'urar watsar da zafi da ake amfani da ita don rage zafin aiki na na'urorin semiconductor, wanda zai iya guje wa zafin jiki na bututu wanda ya wuce matsakaicin zafin mahaɗin saboda rashin ƙarancin zafi, ta yadda za a iya kiyaye adaftar wutar daga zafi.Hanyar ɓarkewar zafi yana daga tushen bututu, ƙaramin farantin zafi (ko harsashi tube)> radiator → ƙarshe zuwa iska mai kewaye.Akwai nau'ikan radiators da yawa, kamar nau'in faranti, nau'in allo (PCB), nau'in haƙarƙari, nau'in interdigital da sauransu.Za a nisantar da radiator daga tushen zafi kamar wutar lantarki da bututun sauya wuta gwargwadon iko.

Kayan lantarki

Samfurin mai amfani yana da alaƙa da na'urar lantarki da aka yi amfani da ita musamman azaman nauyin fitarwar wuta.Za a iya daidaita nauyin lantarki da ƙarfi a ƙarƙashin kulawar kwamfuta.Load ɗin lantarki shine na'urar da ke cinye makamashin lantarki ta hanyar sarrafa wutar lantarki ta cikin gida (MOSFET) ko tsarin tafiyar da aikin transistor da kuma dogaro da wutar lantarki ta bututun wuta.

factor factor

Matsakaicin wutar lantarki yana da alaƙa da yanayin ɗaukar nauyi na kewaye.Yana wakiltar rabon iko mai aiki zuwa bayyanannen iko.

gyara factor factor

PFC a takaice.Ma'anar fasahar gyara abubuwan wuta shine: factor factor (PF) shine rabon ƙarfin aiki P zuwa bayyanannen iko s.Ayyukansa shine kiyaye shigar da AC a halin yanzu tare da ƙarfin shigarwar AC, tace jituwa na yanzu, da ƙara ƙarfin ƙarfin kayan aiki zuwa ƙimar da aka ƙayyade kusa da 1.

Matsakaicin gyaran wutar lantarki

Ana kiran gyare-gyaren abubuwan ikon wucewa da PPFC (kuma aka sani da PFC m).Yana amfani da inductance na ɓangarori masu ma'ana don gyara abubuwan wuta.Da'irar sa yana da sauƙi kuma maras tsada, amma yana da sauƙi don samar da amo kuma yana iya ƙara ƙarfin wutar lantarki zuwa kusan 80%.Babban} abũbuwan amfãni daga m ikon factor gyara su ne: sauki, low cost, AMINCI da kananan EMI.Rashin hasara shine: girman girma da nauyi, da wuya a sami babban ƙarfin wutar lantarki, kuma aikin aiki yana da alaƙa da mita, kaya da ƙarfin shigarwa.

Gyaran yanayin ƙarfin aiki

Ana kiran gyaran abubuwan ƙarfin aiki da APFC (wanda kuma aka sani da PFC mai aiki).Gyaran ma'auni mai aiki yana nufin ƙara ƙarfin shigar da wutar lantarki ta hanyar da'irar mai aiki (aiki mai aiki), da sarrafa na'urar sauyawa don sanya tsarin shigar da halin yanzu ya bi tsarin shigar wutar lantarki.Idan aka kwatanta da m ikon factor gyare-gyare kewaye (m kewaye), ƙara inductance da capacitance ne mafi rikitarwa, da kuma inganta ikon factor ne mafi alhẽri, amma kudin ne mafi girma da kuma dogara za a rage.Ana ƙara da'irar jujjuyawar wutar lantarki tsakanin gadar mai gyara shigar da kayan aiki da capacitor na fitarwa don gyara shigar da halin yanzu cikin igiyar sine tare da lokaci ɗaya da ƙarfin shigarwar kuma babu murdiya, kuma ƙarfin wutar lantarki zai iya kaiwa 0.90 ~ 0.99.